[] *reup-, *reub- "to snatch." *reup-, *reub- "to snatch."

 *reup- "to snatch"




Latin ruptura "the breaking (of an arm or leg), fracture," from past participle stem of rumpere "to break,"


"tear apart," c. 1400, probably of North Sea Germanic origin (compare Flemish rippen "strip off roughly," Frisian rippe "to tear, rip") or else from a Scandinavian source (compare Swedish reppa, Danish rippe "to tear, rip"). In either case, from Proto-Germanic *rupjan-



 Latin abruptus "broken off," also "precipitous, steep" (as a cliff), also "disconnected," past participle of abrumpere "break off," from ab "off, away from" (see ab-) + rumpere "to break," 

 Latin disruptionem (nominative disruptio) "a breaking asunder," noun of action from past participle stem of disrumpere "break apart, split, shatter, break to pieces," from dis- "apart" (see dis-) + rumpere 

[] *dheigh- "to form, build" 🏢🏗

 *dheigh- "to form, build."🏢🏗 



Old French figure "shape, body; form of a word; figure of speech; symbol, allegory" 
              Latin figura "a shape, form, figure; quality, kind, style; figure of speech," 

[] *pri- "to love" ♥

*pri- "to love" ♥



Eng friend
Old English freond  
Proto-Germanic *frijand- "lover, friend" 
PIE *priy-ont-, "loving" (present participle)


Old French affrai, effrei, esfrei "disturbance, fright," 
      esfreer (v.) "to worry, concern, trouble, disturb," 
          Vulgar Latin *exfridare "to take out of peace." = ex + fridare
                       Frankish *frithu "peace," 
                            Proto-Germanic *frithuz "peace, consideration, forbearance"

陣末風雲錄 🇲🇾 🇲🇾 The final years of Barisan Nasional

IQ > 100 並且有看 日本大河劇 的人都會發現，大馬 目前的政局和 日本幕末時期 極其相似，各種思潮風起雲湧，精彩紛呈

就和 黑船來航 後的 德川幕府 一樣，無力挽救國家經濟的 囯陣 行將就木已是大部份人的共識

問題是誰將會給 囯陣 帶來致命的一擊，將會對國家以及各方勢力的得失起著重大的影響

在這裡，就整理一下目下 陣末時期 各派人馬的角色

幕府                      ： 囯陣

佐幕派                   ： 囯陣粉絲

公武合體論             ： 廢票黨

倒幕派

尾張藩                   ： 土團黨

薩摩保守派             ： 回教党  

薩摩開國派             ： 公正黨

長州過激派             ： 紅豆兵

長州保守派             ： 行動黨高層（林神派）

長州開國派             ： 理性火箭支持者

土佐藩                   ：All-in 變天派

[] *sekw- "to follow"

 *sekw-  "to follow"



Anglo-French pursuer and directly from Old French poursuir (Modern French poursuivre), variant of porsivre "to chase, pursue, follow; continue, carry on," from Vulgar Latin *prosequare, from Latin prosequi "follow, accompany, attend; follow after, escort; follow up, pursue," = pro- + sequi

[] *ger- "to gather." 🤠🐄🐄🐄

 *ger- "to gather."  🤠🐄🐄🐄


Latin aggregatus "associated, united," past participle of aggregare "add to (a flock), lead to a flock, bring together (in a flock)," figuratively "attach, join, include; collect, bring together," from ad "to" (see ad-) + gregare "to collect into a flock, gather," from grex (genitive gregis) "a flock,"

[] *plak- "to strike"

 *plak- "to strike."




Eng plague
    Mid Eng plage, "affliction, calamity, evil, scourge; malignant disease," 
               Old French plage (14c.), 
                          Late Latin plaga "pestilence," 
                                       Latin plaga "stroke, wound," 
                                                    ?plangere "to strike, lament (by beating the breast)"