Nutbox DAO

[English Etymology] Less Productive PIE Roots

Eng ask
Old English ascian "ask, call for an answer; make a request,"
Proto-Germanic *aiskon

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*kenk- "to gird, encircle"

Eng succinct "concise, having one's belt fastened tightly"
Latin succinctus"prepared, ready; contracted, short"
succingere "tuck up (clothes for action), gird from below," = sub + cingere

Eng cinch "saddle-girth,"
Spanish cincha "girdle"
Latin cingulum "a girdle, a swordbelt"
cingere "to surround, encircle"

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*kwent(h)- "to suffer"

Eng -path
Greek pathos "suffering, feeling, emotion, calamity"

Latin pathologia "study of disease,"
Greek pathos + -logia

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*m(e)ith- "to exchange, remove"

Eng premise "a previous proposition from which another follows,"
Old French premisse (14c.),
Medieval Latin premissa "set before,"
Latin praemittere "send forward, put before," = prae + mittere

Eng premises "matter previously stated" (early 15c.), which in deeds or wills often was a house or building, hence → house or building with grounds (1730)."

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*nau- "death, to be exhausted"

Eng need
Old English nied (West Saxon), ned (Mercian) "necessity, compulsion, duty; hardship, distress; errand, business, violence, force,"
Proto-Germanic *nauthiz/*naudiz

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*srig- "cold" ❄

Latin frigidus "cold, chill, cool, indifferent"
frigere "be cold;"

Proto-Italic *srigos-,

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*swel- "to eat, drink"

Eng swallow "ingest through the throat"

Old English swelgan "swallow, imbibe, absorb"

Proto-Germanic *swelgan/*swelhan

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*ter- "peg, post, boundary, marker, goal" 🚏⛩

Old French terme "limit of time or place, date, appointed time, duration (11c.); word or phrase used in a limited or precise sense (14c)"
Latin terminus "end, boundary line (old Lt) ; expression, definition (Medieval Latin) "

Latin terminus "end, boundary line"
PIE *ter-men-

[English Etymology] *peku- "cattle" 🐂$💵

*peku- "cattle" 🐂$💵

Eng fee
Old English feoh "livestock, cattle; goods, money; treasure, wealth; money as a medium of exchange or payment"
Proto-Germanic *fehu-

Latin peculiaris "of one's own (property)"
peculium "private property, property in cattle"
pecu "cattle, flock"

[English Etymology] *gwei- "to live" 🕺🐎🐂🐑

*gwei- "to live" 🕺🐎🐂🐑

Eng quick

Old Eng cwic "living, animate"

Prt-Gm: *kwikwaz

Gk bio- (life), zoo- (animal life)

Lt vivus (alive), vita (life)

PTE 30天高分養成

跟 Speaking 有關的考項開始錄音之後就不要停止發出聲音，因爲停止發聲 3秒錄音就會中斷。發出 erm erm erm 的聲音雖然在 fluency （流暢度）上會扣分，但總好過整題的分數被扣光

除了句子轉折処，不要停頓，停頓大大降低流暢度(fluency)，KEEP TALKING!

PTE 由電腦程序批改，目前 PTE 識別系統辨別輔音（b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p .................）較差，元音（a, e, i, o, u, ai, ou, ei...............）辨識度高，所以打分偏重元音，要高分就勤練元音高亮的發音法

不要糾結 bad vs bed 這種連很多 native speaker 都分不清的元音對立

雖然輔音打分較低，比如 'th' 發得像 's' 或 'z' 或許能蒙混過關，至少分數扣得不會很重，但 hug 讀成 bug 這種明顯錯誤肯定不行的

PTE Read Aloud 的題庫很大，它可以隨便從網絡上截取一段話來考，所以把前人囘想總結出來的 ‘囘想題庫’ 背起來是沒有用的

Repeat Sentence 和 Write from dictation 如果不能把例句都背起來，至少每句都看 5遍，看到一句話聽到頭三、四个詞馬上就能整句寫出來的程度。

但注意，PTE 是會變換語句的，也就是將一句話中的實詞（名詞、動詞、副詞）用同義詞、近義詞甚至反義詞代替，比如：

You must hand in your assignment by tomorrow.
You must submit your homework by Thursday.

如果死死照‘例句’來寫，很多分數就白白被扣了。